Looking after dogs in cold weather: Vet nurse reveals winter dog care secrets to keep pups happy and healthy
Winter is just around the corner and it’s important to think about the impact colder weather has on our four-legged friends.
As the chill sets in and pavements frost over, winter walks can be tough on dogs, especially when temperatures drop below five degrees.
Their bodies work harder to stay warm, and even short walks can lead to discomfort if they’re not protected.
As the temperature drops, some dogs feel it more than others, especially smaller breeds, older dogs, pooches with joint problems, or those with short coats. They rely on us to spot when it’s getting too chilly and make little changes to keep them warm and comfortable.
Every dog is different. A husky might be in their element on a frosty morning, while a whippet or terrier could start shivering after a short walk. It’s about knowing your dog and watching how they respond. Cold days don’t have to mean staying indoors, though.
With the right routine, cosy rest spots, and food that supports their energy and warmth, dogs can still enjoy their walks and playtime through the winter months.
To help out Butternut Box’s Vet Nurse Leah Callaghan has shared her expert advice on keeping dogs safe, happy and healthy in cold weather.
Here’s her advice.
How to tell your dog is feeling the cold
Here’s how you know that the low temperatures are having an impact on your pet.
Changes in body language
Dogs who feel cold often tuck their tails close to their bodies, hunch their backs, or shiver. You might also notice them seeking contact or trying to climb onto soft or warm surfaces.
Reluctance to go outside
A sudden hesitation to leave the house, shortened walks, or stopping frequently can indicate discomfort from low temperatures. Even dogs that usually love outdoor play may prefer to head back indoors sooner.
Cold ears, paws, or body
Touch their ears and paws gently if they feel cold to the touch, or if your dog is lifting their paws repeatedly, they might be losing body heat faster than they can produce it.
Changes in energy levels
A drop in enthusiasm or slower movement after being outdoors can signal that the cold is affecting their comfort or joint mobility.
Leah explains: “When temperatures fall, small changes in behaviour can say a lot. Trust what your dog is showing you. If they appear tense or eager to head home, it’s better to cut the walk short and keep them warm. Most dogs would rather have a few shorter, comfortable walks than one long, freezing one.”
Should I change how I feed my pet in winter?
It’s worth considering taking winter and cold weather into account when it comes to meal time, as follows.
Adjust Portions Sensibly
Dogs burning more energy on winter walks might benefit from slightly larger portions. Always increase gradually and monitor body condition rather than making sudden changes.Focus on Quality Protein and Fats: Fresh chicken, beef, or salmon provide warmth and energy without overloading the system. Omega-3s support coat health and help prevent dry, itchy skin caused by indoor heating.
Serve Meals Warm
Lightly warming your dog’s food can make it more aromatic and appealing. It’s a small comfort that makes a big difference on chilly evenings!
Hydration Still Matters
Owners often forget that dogs need as much water in winter as they do in summer. Cold air and indoor heating both cause dehydration.
Cold weather care tips for all dogs
Leah explains: “Dogs can enjoy winter just as much as summer if you keep them comfortable and stick to their usual routine. The goal is to shield them from sudden cold while keeping daily life predictable!”
Here’s how to do that.
Short, frequent walks
Swap a long stroll for two or three shorter outings. Your dog gets exercise without prolonged exposure to cold.
Towel off immediately
Dry fur and paws as soon as you’re back inside. Leftover salt, ice, and moisture can irritate their skin.
Paw protection
Check for cracks or ice buildup and apply a dog-safe balm. Regular care prevents soreness and minor injuries.
Cosy resting spots
Keep beds away from drafts and cold floors. A raised bed or extra blanket helps them hold heat.
Stick to routine
Dogs feel secure when their schedule stays consistent. Walks, meals, and naps should remain predictable, even if the weather keeps them indoors.
When should I buy a coat for my dog?
Here’s when your dog might need a little extra help staying warm.
Lean and Short-Haired Breeds
Dogs like Greyhounds, Whippets, Boxers, and Vizslas lack the insulating fat and dense undercoat to retain heat effectively. Once the temperature dips to about 10°C, these dogs may need a waterproof coat to prevent rapid heat loss and subsequent muscle stiffness.
Small and Toy Breeds
Due to their small body mass and high surface-area-to-volume ratio, smaller breeds (like Chihuahuas and Yorkshire Terriers) lose core heat faster than larger breeds. A properly fitted coat helps these breeds maintain their vital core temperature during brief outdoor excursions.
Older Dogs and Joint Health
For senior dogs and those with arthritis, cold weather exacerbates pain by reducing circulation and tightening muscles. For these patients, a good-quality coat is part of their clinical management, helping to minimise stiffness and improve mobility throughout the season.
Wet or Windy Weather
Even dogs with excellent natural insulation can become hypothermic if their fur is saturated. A waterproof layer maintains the fur's insulating power, acting as a crucial barrier against wind and rain on longer walks.
Leah adds: “Remember that a coat is a tool for adapting to weather, not a permanent item. Use it outside to prevent shivering and remove it immediately upon returning indoors. Always monitor your dog’s behaviour — shivering, hunching, or reluctance to move are clear signs that the coat is needed.”
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